Libya

Libya (Arabic: ليبيا), the official name is the State of Libya  (Arabic: دولة ليبيا) - the  character of CountryHumans, a state in North Africa, on the Mediterranean coast.

Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa and the sixteenth in the world. In the west it borders on Algeria, in the northwest - with Tunisia , in the south - with Chad and Niger , in the southeast - with Sudan , and in the east - with Egypt. Description Appearance Libya is a country man, portrayed as both male and female, whose head is painted in the form of the country's flag.

Character Libya is very hardworking and hospitable, loves comfort and strives for security. Has a great sense of humor and loves to smile. Hates those who brazenly invade his territory.

Flag meaning Red is the blood that was shed in the struggle for Libya's freedom. # E70013	231, 0, 19 Black symbolizes the memory of the days when the Libyans lived under occupation. # 000000	0, 0, 0 Green - the bright future of the country, as well as agriculture and various natural resources; also symbolizes Islam. # 239E46	35, 158, 70 The crescent moon and star are symbols of Islam, the main religion in the country. #FFFFFF	255, 255, 255

History Colonial period Until 1911, Libya was under the control of the Ottoman Empire.

In 1911-1943 Libya was a colony of the Kingdom of Italy.

In 1943, as a result of the defeat of the troops of the Italo-German coalition, Libya came under the joint control of Great Britain and France.

Independence Kingdom of Libya On December 24, 1951, Libya gained independence, becoming the first Arab state to gain independence by the UN decision. Libya was declared a constitutional monarchy.

Libya was originally a federation of three provinces - Cyrenaica, Tripolitania and Fezzana, but in April 1963 it became a unitary state. In foreign policy, the country was guided by the United States and Great Britain and did not support pan-Arabism and Arab nationalism.

After gaining independence, Libya was a rather poor and sparsely populated country. However, after the discovery of colossal oil and gas fields, the country is experiencing an economic upsurge and social modernization. By 1969, Libya became the fifth largest oil producer in the world. But along with these changes, the ideas of Arab nationalism and pan-Arabism are also entering the country.

Libyan Arab Republic On September 1, 1969, a coup d'etat took place in the country with the support of Egypt, as a result of which Libya became a republic. In December 1969, the interim constitution of Libya was issued, proclaiming the need for the unity of all Arab states. Libya begins to carry out large-scale economic reforms and is seeking the withdrawal of US and British troops from its territory by 1970. Within four years, Libya nationalized all oil companies and terminated all agreements on military and economic cooperation with Western countries. On March 4, 1972, Libya signed an agreement with the USSR on economic and technical cooperation.

On April 17, 1971, Egypt, Syria and Libya signed an agreement on the creation of the Federation of Arab Republics, which was one of the attempts to create a unified Arab state within the framework of the ideology of pan-Arabism. The main inspirer of the creation of the federation was Libya itself. On January 1, 1972, the Federation of Arab Republics approved a single state flag and coat of arms.

In May 1973, Libya came up with the ideas of the "third world theory", rejecting both the ideas of capitalism and Soviet socialism, declaring that the basic principles of social justice lie in the Koran. In the fall of 1974, a number of Sharia-based laws were enacted. Severe penalties were introduced for the consumption, import and production of alcoholic beverages, and changes were made to family legislation. The implementation of the ideas of the "third world theory" ran into opposition from the opposition, which led to several attempts at a military coup in 1975.

Jamahiriya and confrontation with the West On March 2, 1977, the Libyan Arab Republic was transformed into the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. The country began to develop friendly relations with the Soviet Union, receiving large-scale economic and military assistance from it.

In the early 1980s, Libya's relations with Western countries deteriorated sharply. In 1981, there was the first incident between the air forces of the United States and Libya in the Gulf of Sidra, which Libya declared its territorial waters back in 1973.

On the night of April 15, 1986, the United States bombed the territory of Libya, carrying out an act of retaliation for the organization by Libya of several terrorist acts against Western countries. In 1988, Libya blew up an American passenger plane over Scotland in retaliation for the bombing of its territory.

On January 4, 1989, the second incident occurred in the Gulf of Sidra, and on September 19 of the same year, Libya shot down a French passenger liner in the skies over Niger.

In April 1992, at the request of the United States and Great Britain, the UN imposed international sanctions against Libya. The imposition of sanctions hampered the recovery of the country's economy and blocked the inflow of foreign investment.

Libya in the 21st century After the US operation in Iraq in 2003, Libya decided to voluntarily revise its policy and even abandoned the development of weapons of mass destruction.

In January 2004, Libya agreed to pay Niger $ 170 million in compensation. At the same time, Libya refused to pay compensation to the United States. Moreover, Libya itself demanded compensation from the United States for the bombing on April 15, 1986.

In October 2004, Libya was completely freed from international sanctions. In 2006, she came up with an ambitious plan to create the United States of Africa.

Relationship Friends Egypt UAE Algeria Russia Sudan Enemies ISIS Qatar Chad USA Great Britain NATO