Ecuador



Ecuador is a country located in South America. He is not a popular character in the fandom, but slowly gaining popularity. He is part of the trio brothers: Himself, Colombia, and Venezuela.

Appearance
Ecuador is often seen wearing an Ecuadorian hat, or a toquilla straw hat, as it is a major staple of Ecuador. He is also seen with the wings of an Andean condor, the official bird of Ecuador. His clothes are simple, with a white shirt and jeans.

Personality
Ecuador is seen as a shy country and is often forgotten about (which he doesn't mind). He has a close bond with his brothers Colombia and Venezuela and rarely speaks to others outside of this group. Ecuador's personality changes completely when the topic of soccer comes into a conversation, or the other countries are playing a short game. Soccer is usually his getaway from life and loves competing against other people in the sport. I mean, soccer is his national sport.

Interests

 * Fishing (since he lives right beside the ocean), and soccer.

Flag Meaning
The yellow represents the crops and fertile soil, the blue represents the ocean and clear skies, while the red stands for the blood spilled by the heroes who sacrifice themselves for the Fatherland.

Color, meaning	HEX	RGB The Yellow recalls the Federation of Greater Colombia	#FCD116	252, 209, 22 The Blue symbolizes independence from Spain	#034EA2	3, 78, 162 Symbolizes courage	#ED1C24	237, 28, 36

Other Symbols

 * National Flower of Ecuador is "Rose, Chuquirahua"
 * National Tree is "Cinchona pubescens (Quina)"
 * National Animal "Andean condor"

Etymology
The origin of the name Ecuador is from Spanish colonists calling the land "el ecuador", which means "the equator".

Origin of languages
Ecuador's official language is Spanish, but Quichua, an Inca language, is spoken by the Indian population. Besides Spanish, ten native languages are spoken in Ecuador.

Pre-Inca Era
The first settlers of what is now Ecuador were nomadic hunter-gatherer tribes who came from the north. The populations of the pre-Inca period lived in clans, which formed exogamous collectives. The Valdivia culture spread from Manabí to the province of Santa Elena, becoming the first in America. Some of these clans constituted great tribes, and some tribes even allied with each other forming powerful confederations and these are:
 * Pre-Ceramic Period.
 * Formative Period.
 * Regional Development Period.
 * Integration period

Inca Era
After invading and conquering the Avocados, the Incas began to advance on the Cañaris. It was even more difficult for Inca armies, as they rejected them fighting bravely, forcing them to retreat to the lands of what is now Saraguro, where they had to wait for the arrival of reinforcements to be able to restart the campaign. This time, considering the immense numerical superiority of the Incas, the Cañaris preferred to agree and submit to the imposed conditions. After this Túpac Yupanqui founded the city of Tomebamba, current city of Cuenca , where Huayna Cápac would be born.who, in turn, had several children, of which two stood out, especially for their role in successive events: Huáscar and Atahualpa. After the death of their father they both accumulated political and military power while articulating peoples and nationalities around their respective political projects for the so-called Tahuantinsuyo.. It all led to a continuous series of warlike events (two thousand kilometers on foot, thirteen battles, half a million men of war on foot) whose incredible end was the defeat of the official Inca hosts of Huáscar, who was taken prisoner and executed. . At the same time, an unexpected agent intervened to intervene for power and who finally prevailed for a period that would last three hundred years: the Spanish. Both the military relations and the Spanish intervention in the historical setting have been studied by the Ecuadorian historian Luis Andrade Reimers, who has managed to provide an objective point of view on such events.

Spanish Rule
When they arrived the Spaniards the empire was plunged into a civil war between two children of the deceased Huayna Capac as his successor Ninan Cuyochi had also died. Without a successor to the throne, Huáscar and Atahualpa fought for control of the empire. The war was won by Atahualpa and while he was going down from Quito to Cuzco to proclaim himself Inca, he decided to meet in Cajamarca with some men in strange clothes who had arrived from an unknown place. In Cajamarca Francisco Pizarro lured Atahualpa into an ambush and took him prisoner; Despite the fact that the indigenous monarch paid a large ransom in silver and gold, he was plainly assassinated - as it is in Page 59 of "Great History of Peru" ofThe Commerce of Lima-.

Bartolomé Ruiz dropped anchor at the mouth of a "big river" and was received amicably. According to historian González Suárez, Ruiz found three towns on the banks of the river whose inhabitants were adorned with gold. The pilot continued his journey along the coast, and returned with Pizarro, Almagro, and their men. They landed in a bay where they founded the "DOCTRINARY" which, due to the date of their arrival, was called San Mateo de las Esmeraldas, then on September 21, 1526. The reception by the natives was no longer friendly, so they re-embarked and Pizarro was left waiting for reinforcements on the island of Gallo. In 1531 Pizarro would return for the definitive conquest.

The conquest of the northern Andes was motivated mainly by the rumor that the treasure of Atahualpa was in Quito. Two expeditions were formed, that of Pedro de Alvarado, from Guatemala, and that of Sebastián de Belalcázar from the south. In February 1534 the expedition commanded by Pedro de Alvarado arrived at the port of Manta. The group consisted of 11 boats, 450 men and some women, among them the priest Fray Jodoco Ricke, Central American aborigines and it is said that about 200 horses. Alvarado burned, sacked the town and took the chief of the tribe as prisoner,Lligua Tohalli and other Indians, because he did not find the Umiña and the treasures that were said to exist in this place. Chief Lligua Tohalli was hanged on the way to Paján. Manta is said to have been founded on March 2, 1534 by Alvarado.

The sector corresponding to Ecuador was effectively occupied by Sebastián de Benalcázar, in 1534 the city of San Pedro de Riobamba was founded by Diego de Almagro, the first city founded in present-day Ecuador. Sebastián de Benalcázar is also responsible for the founding of San Francisco de Quito in 1534. The conqueror Francisco Pacheco under the orders of Diego de Almagro, for his part, founded San Gregorio de Puerto Viejo in 1535, making it the first city settled on the current Ecuadorian coast.

Authorized by Pizarro, it went up the Guayas, and settled it in a place near the mouth of the Yaguachi river on the Amay river (Babahoyo), and it was known as Santiago de Amay (1535). Assaulted and set on fire by the brave Chonos, she moved to the butt of the river with the name of Santiago de la Culata (1536). Once again devastated, this time by the alliance of Chonos and Punáes, it escaped to another place and was recognized as Santiago de la Nueva Castilla (1537). In tragic recurrence he took refuge among the Huancavilcas "who were people of peace" (1542), but again they had to flee, this time to the side of an indigenous town called "Guayaquile" (1543). Fearing retaliation, they built large rafts, and, led by Captains Olmos, Rodrigo Vargas de Guzmán and Toribio de Castro, 140 people with their utensils crossed the Amay River. And, on July 25, 1547, On the day of the Apostle Santiago, patron saint of the city, they docked at Las Peñas and settled the city at the top junction of the hills that today are known as Santa Ana and del Carmen. Since then it isSantiago de Guayaquil.

The city of Cuenca was founded in 1557 on the ruins of the Inca city of Tomebamba, this was carried out by Don Gil Ramírez Dávalos, under the orders of the Viceroy of Peru.

An expedition, led by Francisco de Orellana, discovered the Amazon River in 1542. Some years later the founding of the Presidency and Royal Audience of Quito ( 1563 ) took place, which was subordinate to the Viceroyalty of Peru (except during the brief period from 1717 to 1723 ) until 1740, when it was placed under the Viceroyalty of New Granada. The old Government of Quito of Gonzalo Pizarro, had already expanded its territory, to Cali and Popayánfor the North; for the South to the deserts of Piura ; and for the Amazon River basin , the exploration of Gonzalo Pizarro , the discovery and exploration of the Amazon River to the Atlantic by Francisco de Orellana , and the foundations in Yaguarzongo and Bracamoros, such as the discoveries of the upper Marañón River and the Ucayali River by Juan of Salinas and Loyola , gave the old Government of Quito a new extension in the Amazon river basin. For these reasons, on July 4, 1560, the Quiteños asked the King of Spain to create an Audienciain the Government of Quito.

King Felipe II, in the city of Guadalajara the 29 of August of 1563 , issued a royal decree by which the Government of Quito Gonzalo Pizarro is elevated to a royal audience and he says limits. It was inaugurated on September 18, 1564.

The Compilation of Laws of the Indies of 1680, in Law X ( Audiencia y Chancilleria Real de San Franciscodel Quito ) of Title XV ( Of the Audiencias and Chancillerias Reales de las Indias ) of Book II, collects the limits and officials of this Court , from the Royal Decree of 1563.Viceroy Pedro Mesía de la Cerda granted the title of interim President of Quito on May 17, 1766 to Juan Antonio Zelaya y Vergara , who during this period exercised his responsibilities as Duke of Quito as military and political general commander of said province

Enriched by mining exploitation and textile production, it was able to build baroque and neo-Mudejar temples adapted with originality to the local environment and ornamented them with a great profusion of paintings and carvings, of undeniable religious didactic value. It was the time of the famous Quito School, a work of indigenous and Spanish miscegenation.

The French geodesics of the decimal system introduced the modern rationalist spirit in Quito and used the magnificent library of the Jesuit University of San Gregorio. Quito fed the extraordinary enterprise of the missions of Jaén and Mainas.

The colonial system imposed by the King of Spain caused tensions that resulted in riots against taxes, or against certain trade obstacles (alcabalas: 1592 - 93 ; tobacconists: 1765 ).

Independence
At the beginning of the 19th century, the insurrections welcomed the preaching of Eugenio Espejo from the previous decade. Some of the international events such as the Declaration of Independence of the United States in 1776 from Great Britain and the French Revolution of 1789, served as an example to the Creoles by showing them that an autonomous or even independent system of government was possible. The influences of various local events such as the visit of French geodesists who promoted the ideas of illustration in the city, The high rate of impoverishment of the Audiencia and the growing nationalist sentiments, stimulated by the interest of the Creoles from all over the continent to obtain power,  were also some of the main causes that motivated the beginning of the revolutionary process that ended Spanish colonialism in the city.

On 25 December of 1808 at the Hacienda Chillo Company, owned by Juan Pio Montufar and Larrea II Marquis de Selva Alegre, a meeting known as "The Conspiracy of Chillo" or "The Conjure Christmas" which discussed the establishment of a Board he was held Autonomous that would be in charge of governing the Presidency of Quito. It was attended by Juan de Dios Morales, José Riofrío, Juan Pablo Arenas, Manuel Quiroga, Nicolás de La Peña, Francisco Javier de Ascázubi and Captain Juan de Salinas y Zenitagoya.

Months later the plot was discovered by the then president of the Royal Audience of Quito Manuel Ruiz Urriés de Castilla, 1st count of Ruiz de Castilla , because Salinas told Andrés Torresano, priest of the La Mercéd convent, the subject of the meeting. He was arrested on March 1, like his companions Juan Pío Montufar, on the fifth and Juan de Dios Morales on the sixth. A few days later they were all released because the investigative evidence was stolen.

On August 8, they met at the home of Dr. Francisco Javier de Ascázubi, where the decision was made to join the board on the 10th. On August 9, this group of enlightened Creoles met again at the residence of Manuela Cañizares. On August 10, 1809, the act was signed that dismissed the then president of the Royal Audience of Quito , Count Ruiz de Castilla, and the First Autonomous Government Board was established in the city , with authorities that respected the authority of the Spanish king.

Liberal Revolution
The Liberal Revolution of Ecuador was a process of political and economic transformation within the Republic of Ecuador that broke out on June 5, 1895 in the city of Santiago de Guayaquil with the ignorance of the national government by the local authorities, causing a confrontation war between the Liberals -mostly from the coast- and the Conservatives -whose bastion was located in the cities of the mountainous area-, thus initiating the Ecuadorian civil war, after which the successor governments to Garcia were subsequently overthrown and imposed liberal governments.

The Liberals, sponsored by the Guayaquil bank and the coastal agro-exporters, were led by General Eloy Alfaro, who after being proclaimed Supreme Chief of Guayas, began a military campaign that ended with the surrender of the conservative national government chaired on an interim basis by Vicente Lucio Salazar in Quito. Despite the fact that there were several reports of conservative resistance in the north of the country, Alfaro had taken the national supreme leadership and quelled the revolts, however, distance soon began to appear within the liberals who were divided into radical and moderate factions. In 1896, after several months as Supreme Chief, a constituent assembly was called in Guayaquil, however, in the days prior to the installation of said convention, the so-called Great Fire occurred, which forced the suspension of the sessions. After the assembly was reinstated in Quito, the following year the 11th constitution was approved, and Alfaro was proclaimed President of the Republic.

Alfaro held the Ecuadorian presidency from January 17, 1897 until August 31, 1901, a period known as "the first alfarismo", in which the construction of the Andean Railroad was prioritized, which should serve as a link between the cities of Guayaquil and Quito, the progressive isolation of the Catholic Church with respect to power. During this period, the liberals faced the Catholic Restoration.

After the results of the 1901 elections, the "first alfarismo" was succeeded by the government of Leónidas Plaza Gutiérrez de Caviedes, who stood out as a figure of the Great Liberal Party and who had been on the alfarista side since before the revolution; However, he gradually distanced himself from Alfaro, separating him from the highest political positions. Plaza generated new ideological alliances, although it did not suspend the liberal policy implemented by alfarismo. At the end of his term in office, in 1905, Plaza supported the candidacy of Lizardo García, another rival of the alfarista faction. García won the 1905 elections, however, his term in office lasted only one year, when a coup was perpetrated against him.

In 1906, Eloy Alfaro led several uprisings with the purpose of ignoring the government of Lizardo García, and starting a military campaign that ended with the proclamation of a new supreme leadership of Alfaro. The "second alfarismo" began by calling a new constituent assembly, which drew up the twelfth constitution, establishing Eloy Alfaro as president and definitively decreeing secularism with the separation of Church-State. During this period, the famous arrival of the Andean Railroad to Quito took place, concluding its route. However, new alliances between detractors of alfarismo, managed to generate in the population an important distrust and unpopularity of Alfaro. The "second alfarismo" concluded on August 11, 1911 with the resignation of Alfaro to the presidency.

After Alfaro's resignation and his subsequent exile to Panama, the 1911 elections gave Emilio Estrada Carmona the winner, who died during his tenure. Immediately the "second placism" is established, and Alfaro plans to carry out a new coup; however, upon reaching Guayaquil, he was arrested, taken to Quito, and imprisoned on the orders of Plaza. Finally, on January 28, 1912, a popular mob led by the clergy, conservatives and liberal placistas, invaded the prison where Alfaro, relatives and co-leaders were staying; They were lynched and shot, while Alfaro was dragged through the streets of Quito and finally cremated.

With the death of Alfaro, Plaza established himself in power, winning the 1912 elections and counting on the support of the banking sector. Plaza, after his period of government between 1912 and 1916, had absolute control over the governments of Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno, José Luis Tamayo and Gonzalo Córdova. Finally, the uninterrupted liberal control ended on July 9, 1925, with the outbreak of the Julian Revolution.

The revolution is considered one of the most important episodes in Ecuadorian history, due to its impact on politics and society. Among the main aspects of this revolution is the implantation of secularism in Ecuador, with which the Church and the State were formally separated. Other areas where there were significant changes regarding the state that they have taught since the Colony, focused on allowing freedom of worship, the confiscation of ecclesiastical property, the abolition of Catholicism as a state religion, secular education, and divorce.

Dictatorships
By early 1972, Ecuador was a country plunged into chaos, with a president turned civil dictator, general elections coming up, and political actors whose future actions were unpredictable. Finally, the armed forces decided to intervene, seize power, and disrupt the incipient constitutional system in which the country had been inserted since 1968. In February 1972, there was a coup that took public opinion and the international community by surprise. The overthrow of Velasco Ibarra took place in Guayaquil and he was materially executed, and without a single bullet being fired, by a Navy officer named Jorge Queirolo Gómez, but he brought General Guillermo Rodríguez Lara to power, who proclaimed himself a "nationalist." and "revolutionary", which resulted in a series of nationalizations, which can be evaluated more or less critically but which, for the moment in question, resolved the basic issues of the productive and social system of Ecuador. Thus, the government created in 1972 the Corporación Estatal Petrolera Ecuatoriana (CEPE, currently Petroecuador) and embarked on the path towards acquiring, step by step, the majority shares of the Texaco - Gulf (Gulf Oil Corporation) - CEPE Consortium.

Ecuador shows signs of wanting to acquire national autonomy in the management of oil: in 1973 it joined the most important body in the world of oil-offering countries, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). In 1974, it acquired 25% of the shares of the consortium that operated in Ecuador. In 1976 it rose to 62%, until finally, it acquired all the shares. With this transit, the Ecuadorian state becomes the owner of the oil.

The government of Rodríguez Lara also created the Ecuadorian Institute of Electrification (EIE) (currently Corporación Eléctrica del Ecuador or CELEC) and a system to ensure the provision of basic food for the popular sectors: Empresa Nacional de Productos Vitales (Emprovit), which issued those products at affordable prices. He also created the Ecuadorian Institute of Telecommunications (EIT).

On September 1, 1975, there was an attempted coup led by General Raúl González Alvear, which left 22 dead and more than 80 wounded and caused serious damage to the facade of the government palace. After these events, General González went into exile to Chile and General Rodríguez issued a gag-decree to protect the "prestige" of the armed forces from the comments of the media. Despite all this, General Rodríguez's situation became untenable and the General Council of the Armed Forces asked him to resign, an act that took place in January 1976. The government was left in the hands of a military triumvirate, presided over by the Admiral Alfredo Poveda Burbano (Navy) and composed of Generals Guillermo Durán Arcentales (Army) and Luis Leoro Franco (Air Force). During this government the slaughter of the Aztra sugar mill in La Troncal took place on October 18, 1977 against the workers who had started a strike, which went unpunished. His government minister, the then Colonel Richelieu Levoyer, structured the Plan for the Return to Democracy which, in its substantive parts, consisted of the formation of a new constituent assembly called by the military junta, which drew up a new constitution and organized a Referendum that took effect in January 1978, with which the Ecuadorian people chose by a simple majority between the reformed 1945 constitution and the new one. The last part of the military junta's plan was to call general elections, in which seventeen political parties approved by that regime participated.

After a second round, which was held with much time difference from the first, Jaime Roldós Aguilera, candidate of the populist party Concentration of Popular Forces, was elected. Jaime Roldós governed independently and in open conflict with Assad Bucaram, who during the first year of his mandate held the position of president of the congress. Roldós had to face another border conflict with Peru, which was called the Conflict of the False Paquisha in 1981, which threatened to become an open war that, in the end, did not happen. When the plane in which he was traveling crashed in mysterious circumstances on May 24, 1981 (the accident is still being investigated), power passed to the acting constitutional vice president, Dr. Osvaldo Hurtado Larrea, of Social-Democratic tendency, who succeeded in 1984 the conservative Social Christian León Febres-Cordero. His austerity measures due to problems with oil and his repressive policies, which although they eliminated incipient guerrilla groups such as Alfaro Vive Carajo, provoked social discontent, which gave victory in 1988 to the social democrat Rodrigo Borja Cevallos, in whose mandate an indigenous movement took place. that achieved the distribution of 1,700,000 hectares to indigenous communities. Borja also promoted literacy and bilingual education.

The conservative Sixto Durán Ballén promoted since 1992 a neoliberal policy with privatizations and adjustments questioned by the majority of Congress, and caused the abandonment of OPEC, while the country increased oil production. Another conflict with Peru known worldwide as the Cenepa War that ended that same year in 1995 with the Itamaraty Agreement and, in 1998, under the Presidency of the Christian Democrat Jamil Mahuad, with the final signing of the peace in Brasilia that gave him to Ecuador access to the Amazon and rights of free river navigation. Likewise, the document recognized Peruvian sovereignty in Tiwinza, granting Ecuador 1 km² as private property under Peruvian legislation, anyone who is born in Tiwinza will be considered Peruvian.

In accordance with this protocol, Ecuador renounced its historical claims to annex Tumbes, Jaén and Maynas; and recognized them as Peruvian territories. The boundary dispute that since 1960 had been enunciated by José María Velasco Ibarra was thus settled. This agreement had provisions for the definitive placement of border landmarks in cooperation with the OAS observer mission.

Institutional normality was shattered in 1997 when Congress, amid popular demonstrations against the Executive, dismissed populist President Abdalá Bucaram, who had taken office in August 1996, for "mental incapacity". In his replacement, Congress appointed as Interim President to Fabián Alarcón, until that moment President of the National Congress (despite the fact that constitutionally it was up to Vice President Rosalía Arteaga to assume the presidency, who symbolically took office for a few hours). After a National Constituent Assembly in 1998, which had the mandate to review and modify the 1979 Constitution, general elections were held in which Jamil Mahuad Witt, of Popular Democracy, was elected president. Mahuad was deposed in January 2000, in the midst of a serious economic crisis caused by the massive bankruptcy of the Ecuadorian financial system, the fall in international oil prices and the connection between the Mahuad government and the corrupt bank whose most visible head was Fernando Aspiazu, who on August 26, 2002 was sentenced to eight years in prison for the crime of embezzlement. All of this led to a general strike, indigenous mobilizations, and an attempted coup that lasted four hours. As a result of the economic crisis during this government, more than two million Ecuadorians had to migrate to other countries, resulting in the separation of innumerable families.

Vice President Gustavo Noboa, who was succeeded in accordance with the Constitution, assumed the Presidency and in April established an agreement with the IMF (International Monetary Fund) to access credits worth close to 800 million dollars to continue and strengthen dollarization, applying adjustment measures in various sectors of the economy. In addition, he focused his efforts on the construction of a large heavy crude oil pipeline from the Amazon to the Pacific Ocean coast, so that crude exports doubled as of 2003. Retired Colonel Lucio Gutiérrez won the November 2002 elections. at the head of the Patriotic Society Party, a center-left populist group that acted in alliance with indigenous and far-left movements. Gutiérrez obtained 55% of the votes in the second electoral round. He was dismissed by Congress in April 2005, in the midst of riots in Quito (whose participants Gutiérrez denounced as "outlaws", in the so-called "rebellion of the outlaws"), succeeding Vice President Alfredo Palacio, who until then it had little representation on the political plane.

In November 2006, Rafael Correa was elected president for the 2007-2011 term. The electoral margin was the third highest in the current constitutional and democratic period (1979-2007), surpassed only by the elections of Jaime Roldós (1979) and Sixto Durán Ballén (1992). On April 15, 2007, the Constituent Assembly was elected, which drew up a new Magna Carta, in force since October 2008. Due to the validity of a new Constitution, general elections had to be called to designate the authorities, being just as President Correa in 2009 was re-elected to his position. On September 30, 2010, several members of the Ecuadorian National Police and the Ecuadorian Air Force stopped activities. The crisis was declared by the government as an attempted coup d'état and was overcome at the end of the same day, with the departure of President Correa from the National Police Hospital rescued by the Ecuadorian Army and the GOE (Special Operations Group of the Police), frustrating the intentions of the mutineers. The incident resulted in 5 deaths and 274 injuries.43 The presidential election of February 17, 2013 resulted in the re-election of Rafael Correa with his binomial Jorge Glas with 57.17% of valid votes, compared to Guillermo Lasso with 22.66% of valid votes, The other candidates did not obtain a vote that exceeds 7% in any case. The pair took possession on May 24, 2013.

On April 16, 2016, a devastating earthquake occurred, with an epicenter in the Pedernales canton, Manabí Province, with a magnitude of 7.8 Mw. According to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, more than a million people were affected by the earthquake.

Modern Day
On February 19, 2017, the last presidential election was held, the candidates Lenin Moreno with 39.36% and Guillermo Lasso with 28.09% went to the ballot. The ballot was held on April 2 and Moreno was elected president, winning the contest with 51.16% of the votes against Lasso, candidate of the alliance of the CREO Movement and the SUMA Movement, who obtained 48.84% .45 The president-elect took possession of his functions on May 24, 2017.

On October 2, 2019, a wave of protests began, after the adoption of new economic measures by the Lenín Moreno government, which were dictated by the International Monetary Fund. The situation became more critical with the passing of the days, so the government decreed a state of exception, and even ordered a curfew on October 8 and the transfer of the seat of government to Guayaquil. The main confrontations occurred between the Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities and the police, which even committed crimes against humanity, which caused at least 11 deaths, 1,340 wounded and 1,192 detainees, causing serious social upheaval; However, on October 13, a forum was held mediated by the UN representative in Ecuador and the Catholic Church, where the leaders of the Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities and the government party reached an agreement that ended the conflict.

Organizations and Affiliations

 * Andean Community
 * The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)

Government
The politics of Ecuador are multi-party. The central government polity is a four-yearly elected presidential, unicameral representative democracy. The President of Ecuador is head of state and head of the army on a multi-party system, and leads a cabinet with further executive power. Legislative power is not limited to the National Assembly, as it may to a lesser degree be exercised by the executive which consists of the President convening an appointed executive cabinet.

Diplomacy
WIP

Geography
Ecuador has a total area of 283,561 km2 (109,484 sq mi), including the Galápagos Islands. Of this, 276,841 km2(106,889 sq mi) is land and 6,720 km2 (2,595 sq mi) later Ecuador borders with Colombia on the north, Peru,on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific. He has four geographic regions:


 * The Coast
 * The Highlands
 * The Amazon
 * The Galápagos Islands

Ecuador is one of seventeen countries in the world according to Conservation International and has the most biodiversity per square kilometer of any nation.

Family
Spain - parent Portugal - pibling Bolivia - sibling Colombia - sibling Costa Rica - sibling Venezuela - sibling Panama - sibling Cuba - sibling Mexico - sibling Argentina - sibling Brazil - cousin Chile - sibling Peru - sibling El Salvador - sibling Honduras - sibling Nicaragua - sibling Guatemala - sibling Paraguay - sibling Uruguay - half-sibling United States - half-sibling Philippines - stepsibling Puerto Rico - sibling Dominican Republic - sibling Haiti - sibling Jamaica - sibling

Friends
Spain Russia Iran South Korea United States Colombia Australia

Indonesia

Neutral
Venezuela United Kingdom China

NATO

Enemies
ISIS Peru