Angola

Angola (port. Angola ), the official name is the Republic of Angola (port. Republica de Angola ) - the character of CountryHumans, a state in South Africa.

It borders Namibia in the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the northeast and north , and Zambia and the Republic of Congo in the east.

It is a former colony of Portugal, from which it gained independence in 1975.

Description Appearance Angola is a country man, predominantly female, whose head is painted in the form of the country's flag. Usually depicted in a white blouse with a black waistcoat over it, or in a traditional costume. On her head, as a rule, she has a decoration in the form of a white bow.

History Pre-colonial period Until the 15th century, a large number of different principalities and kingdoms were formed on the territory of Angola and Congo, the largest of which was the Kingdom of the Congo. In 1428, part of the coast of Angola was discovered by the Portuguese, and in 1485 it was completely opened. In 1491, Catholicism was adopted in the Kingdom of the Congo.

In 1568 there was an invasion of nomadic tribes who ruined the country, which were driven out of the country only thanks to the help of Portugal, as a result of which the kingdom of the Congo fell into dependence on him.

Colonial Angola In 1757, a Portuguese landing took place in the Kingdom of the Congo, which marked the beginning of the colony of Angola. In 1624 in the Colony of Angola, the struggle against Portuguese expansion was proclaimed, the beginning of a guerrilla war, which ended only in 1656.

In 1898 there was an uprising against the Portuguese oppression, in 1902 - the Bilundu war, which took place for more than 4 months.

June 11, 1951 Angola receives the status of "overseas province" of Portugal.

Decolonization On July 10, 1954, the Union of the Peoples of Northern Angola was created, which in 1962 was renamed the National Front for the Liberation of Angola, an anti-colonial nationalist organization.

On December 10, 1956, another People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola was created, an anti-colonial organization with a pro-Soviet and pro-communist orientation.

On February 4, 1961, the war for the independence of Angola began, and on March 15, there was an invasion of the territory of the UPA militants.

On April 27, 1962, the Revolutionary Government of Angola was formed.

On March 13, 1966, the National Union for the Complete Independence of Angola was created.

April 25, 1974 - The Carnation Revolution in Portugal. Since May 1974, the new leadership of Portugal begins negotiations on the granting of independence with the national liberation movements of the Portuguese colonies.

January 15, 1975 - Organizations for the Decolonization of Angola conclude the Alvor Agreement with the revolutionary Portuguese administration to create a transitional coalition government.

July 1975 - Failure of the Alvor Agreement. In Angola, there are battles between the formations of the MPLA, FNLA and UNITA

August 1, 1975 - Angola's civil war begins.

Independent Angola November 11, 1975 - Declaration of the independent People's Republic of Angola. The first Constitution was adopted.

November 23, 1975 - Creation of the People's Democratic Republic of Angola.

March 1976 - the end of the first stage of the civil war, which ended with the victory of the MPLA.

May 31, 1991 - with the participation of Portugal, the USA and the USSR, the Bisesa agreements on the peaceful settlement of the conflict in Angola are concluded.

August 25, 1992 - A new Constitution adopted, establishing a multi-party system and a presidential republic. NRA renamed Republic of Angola.

October 30 — November 1, 1992 - Halloween massacre, massacres of members of various nationalist organizations. The civil war is resuming with unprecedented intensity.

November 15, 1994 - Lusaka Protocol, new peace ceasefire and coalition government.

1998 - another sharp aggravation of the political situation, resumption of clashes, a split in the opposition.

On April 4, 2002, a new peace agreement was signed. End of the civil war in Angola.

January 21, 2010 - new Constitution of Angola.

March 7, 2011 - Anti-government protests influenced by the Arab Spring.

April 26, 2012 - Radical Opposition Party registered - Broad Convergence to Save Angola.

November 23, 2013 - a new wave of opposition protests and persecution.

September 26, 2017 - Start of the anti-corruption campaign.

Relationship Friends USA - I appreciate your help regarding my poverty. Thank you! China is my biggest trading partner! India is an important trading partner! Nigeria - we have strong and friendly relations! We both export oil! Mozambique - we fought together against Portugal ! A very valuable ally and my trading partner! Brazil - between us not only trade and economic relations, but also cultural ones! Cape Verde - both were Portuguese colonies but gained independence! We have an agreement of friendship and mutual assistance! Neutral Zambia is not a bad partner, but how about taking your refugees out of my country? Portugal - after I gave up communism our relations became better, but I will never forget the period of your imperialism and oppression! The USSR - first helped me, but as soon as I approached the United States, you immediately rejected me! France - our relationship has not always been friendly, but recently it has started to improve! Cuba - thank you for your help in the past, but as an ally you no longer interest me.